Significant left to right shunting can occur resulting in a high left ventricular cardiac output. Forward systemic flow can be reduced if the shunt is large resulting in symptoms of congestive ...

This is called systemic circulation ... It goes into the right atrium, through the tricuspid valve and into the right ventricle. The ventricle pumps the blood through the semilunar valve, into ...

chronic elevation of pulmonary pressures lead to the development of right ventricular failure. The negative feedback mechanisms outline above result in fluid retention and systemic venous congestion.

Values are expressed as mean ± SEM. *Patients after Mustard operations for TGA and patients with TOF with paradoxical movement of the ventricular septum were excluded. ‡ Selection criterion.