3). Because the area of stenosis appeared confined to the origin of the vertebral artery and the subclavian artery rose sufficiently high above the clavicle to permit adequate exposure ...

In addition, in cases of subclavian steal from the vertebral artery, there is a graded system showing a progressive change in the ipsilateral vertebral artery waveform. Grade I lesions demonstrate ...

Case 1. C.A. (S.E.H. No. 66–15874), a 49-year-old man, had syncopal episodes for 3 years occurring about once a week during the past year. The attacks were precipitated by driving a bus.

Patients with vertebrobasilar stenosis are currently being enrolled in two other randomized studies; the Vertebral Artery Stenting Trial (VAST), 8 for stenting of intracranial or extracranial ...

and there is also a hemodynamically significant lesion in the proximal left subclavian artery. Flow reversal can occur in both the vertebral and internal mammary artery, or can be isolated to ...